Index

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

L

References are to paragraph numbers except where specified as table, figure (fig.), or page number (p.). Page numbers in the online edition link directly to terms in the glossary.

l. (line) and ll. (lines), 14.156
labels
vs. captions, 3.21
in charts, 3.44–45
in illustrations and keys, 3.7, 3.12, 3.24, fig. 3.3, fig. 3.4, fig. 3.6
marked on line art to be redrawn, 3.20
scaling of, 3.19
on submitted artwork, 2.27
of x and y axes, 3.43, fig. 3.8
See also keys to illustrations
labor unions, 8.70, 9.49
landscape, p. 983
“last modified” dates, 14.13
LaTeX, 12.2, 12.9, 12.68, fig. 12.3, table 12.1
Latin alphabet
IPA notation, 11.22
languages using, generally, 11.18–20, 11.70
special characters, 11.2, 11.21, 11.22, table 11.1 (see also special characters)
See also transliteration and transliterated text; and specific languages
Latin language, 11.54–59
abbreviations in, 7.55, 10.7, 10.42 (see also et al., ibid.)
capitalization, 11.54
ligatures for, 7.34
prepositions in, 8.159
for provisional chemical elements, 10.63
roman type for terms in, 7.55, 10.7, 10.42, 13.66
special characters, 11.59
titles of works in, 11.54
word division, 11.55–58
See also classical Greek and Latin works; genus and species names; scientific and technical terminology
latitude, 10.36. See also compass points and directions
laws and statutes. See legislation
laws and theories
mathematical, 12.56
schools of thought, 8.79
scientific, 8.148
See also philosophical terms and movements; scientific and technical terminology
layout, p. 983
le, 8.7
leaders (several spaced periods), 3.64, fig. 3.16. See also ellipses
leading, 2.125, p. 983. See also line spacing
leaf numbers. See folios
least, 5.86, 5.87, 5.88, 5.163, 7.89 (sec. 2)
leaves, book, 1.5. See also folios; page numbers
lectures and lecture series, 8.87, 14.217, 14.264, 14.267. See also speeches
left or right indent, 2.11
legal and public documents
acts and treaties, 8.66, 8.80, 8.81, 14.275, 14.290
constitutions, 8.80, 9.28, 14.272, 14.280
numbered divisions in, 9.28
presidential, 8.66, 8.75–76, 8.80–81, 14.275, 14.289–90
quotations in, 13.18, 13.21
resources and stylebooks on, 14.3, 14.269, 14.270, 14.287, 14.289, 14.290, 14.292, 14.297
shall in, 5.250
See also legal and public documents, source citations for
legal and public documents, source citations for, 14.269–305
abbreviations in: cases and court decisions, 14.276–77, 14.279, 14.294, 14.298; congressional debates and hearings, 14.285–87; constitutions, 14.280; generally, 14.274; international entities, 14.304; legislation, 14.295; legislative debates, 14.301; legislative documents, 14.281, 14.299; UK command papers, 14.302
acts and treaties, 14.275, 14.290
arabic vs. roman numerals in, 14.147
author-date reference system, 14.271, 15.58–59
bills and resolutions, 14.283
Canada, 14.269, 14.293–96
cases and court decisions, 8.82, 14.272, 14.275–79, 14.294, 14.298, 15.59
Chicago- vs. legal-style, 14.291
constitutions, 14.272, 14.280
courts, 14.276–79, 14.294, 14.298, 14.304
id. in, 14.35, 14.275, 14.279
international entities, 14.304–5
loose-leaf services, 14.220
municipal ordinances, 14.288, 14.300
note form, 14.271
online documents, 14.270, 14.276, 14.298, 14.300, 14.305
page numbers and other locators, 14.273, 14.276, 14.284, 14.290, 14.294, 14.303, 14.305
private (e.g., wills), 14.219
resources and stylebooks on, 14.3, 14.269, 14.270
secondary sources, 14.291
shortened citations, 14.275, 14.276, 14.279
typefaces, 14.272
United Kingdom, 14.297–303; command papers, 14.302; legal cases, 14.298; parliamentary debates, 14.301; parliamentary publications, 14.299; resources on, 14.297, 14.300; statutes, 14.300; unpublished, 14.303
United States: bills and resolutions, 14.283; congressional reports and documents, 14.285; debates before 1873, 14.287; debates since 1873, 14.286; hearings, 14.284; legal cases, 14.277–79; legislation, 14.282, 14.288; municipal ordinances and state laws, 14.288; presidential documents, 14.289; secondary sources on, 14.291; unpublished, 14.292
unpublished, 14.292, 14.296, 14.303
legal blacklining (redlining), p. 986. See also tracking changes
legal cases
source citations for: basic elements, 14.276; Canadian cases, 14.294; italics for, 14.272, 14.276; notes and text citations, 8.82, 15.59; short forms, 14.275; UK courts, 14.298; US courts, 14.277–79
treatment in text, 8.82
v. in, 8.82, 14.276
legal-style citations, 14.269–75
abbreviations in, generally, 14.274
vs. Chicago-style, 14.291
note form, 14.271
page numbers and other locators, 14.273, 14.276, 14.284, 14.290, 14.294, 14.303, 14.305
resources on, 14.3, 14.269, 14.270
shortened citations, 14.275, 14.276, 14.279
typefaces, 14.272
See also courts; legal and public documents
legends, 3.7, 3.12, 3.19–21, 3.24, fig. 3.4, fig. 3.6. See also captions
legislation
abbreviations, 14.281, 14.299
bills and resolutions compared, 14.283
Canadian, 14.295
debates on, 14.286–87, 14.301
formal and generic names for, 8.80, 8.81
hearings on, 14.284
published text of, 14.282
secondary sources on, 14.291
short forms for names, 14.275
state, 14.288
United Kingdom, 14.300
US federal, 14.282
US state and municipal, 14.288
See also acts and treaties; copyright; legal and public documents
legislative and deliberative bodies
abbreviations, 14.281, 14.283
hearings of, 14.284
names and terms for, 8.62
See also legal and public documents
length (measurement). See International System of Units; metric system; units of measurement
length (parts of text)
books, 14.153
indexes, 16.103, 16.118, 16.133
manuscripts, 2.4, 2.52, p. 977
notes, 14.40, 14.56
quotations, 13.10, 13.25
table titles and column heads, 3.54
lesbian, gay, 8.41
less, 5.7, 5.85, 5.87, 5.88, 5.163, 6.47, 7.89 (sec. 2)
less, fewer, 5.250
let, 5.215
letter-by-letter alphabetizing
basics of, 16.59
for bibliographies, 14.65
for indexes of first lines, 16.144, 16.145
preferred for indexes, 16.58
vs. word-by-word, 16.57, 16.58, 16.61, 16.123
letters (alphabet)
archaic, 13.7
hyphens to separate, 6.77
as letters, 7.15, 7.64
marking spacing changes between, 2.125
names of (spelled-out pronunciations), 7.68
ordinal, superscript, 11.27
plurals of, 7.15, 7.64, 7.65
spellings for, 7.68
uses: in common expressions, 7.64; generations, 8.42; as identifiers in classical Greek and Latin works, 14.243, 14.245, 14.248; illustration parts, 3.7, 3.12, 3.24, fig. 3.4, fig. 3.6; lists and outlines, 2.21, 6.127, 6.129, 6.132, 7.45; multiple appendixes, 1.59; musical symbols, 7.71–75; notes to parts of tables, 3.79, figs. 3.14–15; parts of book, 8.180; rhyme schemes, 7.69; same-author, same-year works in reference lists, 15.20; scholastic grades, 7.65; shapes (e.g., S curve), 7.67; standing for proper names, 7.66; vessel names, 8.116
See also alphabetizing; alphabets; capital letters; initialisms; initials; special characters
letters (correspondence)
chronological order, 1.52
copyright issues, 4.19
multiple paragraphs quoted, 13.35
permissible changes, 13.8
punctuation in, 6.14, 6.53, 6.66
quotations from, 13.10, 13.61
source citations for: examples, 14.229; in manuscript collections, 14.228; private collections, 14.231; published collections, 14.111, 15.43; shortened citations, 14.111
See also letters to the editor; manuscript collections; personal communications; unpublished and informally published materials
letters to the editor, 1.94, 1.101, 14.196. See also editorials
lexicalized signs (ASL), 11.131
libel, 4.73
libraries. See archival practices; databases; library catalogs; manuscript collections
Library and Archives Canada, 1.34
library catalogs
alphabetization in, 16.58
Chinese romanization in, 11.82
non-English bibliographic terms in, 14.102
for non-English titles, 14.98
for personal names, 8.3, 16.71
for publishers’ names, 14.133, 14.138
Library of Congress, 1.32, 1.34, 4.47, 11.82, 11.84. See also Cataloging-in-Publication (CIP) data; library catalogs
licenses for copyrighted works
Copyright Clearance Center, 1.79, 1.103, 4.97
Creative Commons, 4.62
electronic works, 4.64, 4.65, 4.66
exclusive vs. nonexclusive, 4.35
goals of parties to, 4.36
handling requests for, 4.70
journals, 1.103
and open-access publishing models, 4.61
payment for, 4.37
rights database as record of, 4.70
and subsidiary rights, 4.17, 4.34
termination of, 4.38
universities’ claim to, 4.67
See also copyright; intellectual property rights; permissions; publishing agreements; subsidiary rights
“life plus seventy” rule, 4.23, 4.25, 4.26
ligatures, 7.34, 7.35, 11.37, 11.122, p. 983
like, as, 5.185, 5.250
like, compound terms with, 7.89 (sec. 3)
limp (flexi-) binding, p. 980
line art
charts and graphs as, 3.4, 3.41
color in, 3.19
defined, p. 983
examples of, figs. 3.3–4, fig. 3.6
publisher’s redrawing of, 3.20
scaling of, 3.19
See also illustrations
line breaks
and em dashes, 6.90
and en dashes, 6.82
mathematical expressions, 12.23, 12.50
and nonbreaking spaces, 6.11, 6.119, 6.121, 7.42, 7.44, 7.45, 11.28
and numbers, 7.42, 7.43, 7.44
and proper names, 7.42
in reflowable electronic formats, 6.82, 6.90, 6.113, 7.36, 7.47, 14.18
run-in lists, 7.45
and slashes, 6.113
and URLs, 2.13, 6.113, 7.46, 14.18
See also word division
line editing. See manuscript editing
line numbers
avoiding use of l., ll., 14.156
footnotes keyed to, 14.53, fig. 14.5
format of, 14.156
punctuation of, 9.54
in text citations, 13.67
lines (rules)
above continued footnotes, 14.41, fig. 14.1
avoided in illustrations, 3.19
to be filled in, 6.93
in tables, 3.53, 3.57, 3.58, 3.74, 3.86, figs. 3.13–14, fig. 3.16
lines (text)
blank, 1.58, 2.8, 2.98
and electronic file cleanup, 2.80
indentation, symbol for, 2.98, 2.126
marking manuscript for, 2.98
proofreading of, 2.116, 2.117
as text break, 1.58, 2.8
widows and orphans, 2.116, 2.117, pp. 984, 990
See also justification; leading; line spacing
line spacing
and electronic file cleanup, 2.80
for manuscript editing, 2.91
for manuscript submission, 2.6, 2.8, 2.19–20, 2.22–24
between paragraphs or stanzas in quotations, 13.22, 13.24, 13.25
word-processing styles for, 2.82
linking (copula or connecting) verbs, 5.45, 5.82, 5.93, 5.101, 5.154, 5.170, 6.30. See also be-verbs
links. See hyperlinks
lists in text, 6.127–32
elided, in mathematical expressions, 12.19
outlines, 2.21, 2.36, 6.127, 6.132
run-in, 6.128, 6.129, 6.131, 7.45
vertical: abbreviations in, 10.29; as alternative to tables, 3.51; as block quotations, 13.10; manuscript preparation guidelines, 2.21; in mathematical expressions, 12.16, 12.18; placement of, 2.62; punctuation and format, 2.11, 2.21, 6.92, 6.129–31, 6.132; vs. run-in, 6.128, 6.129, 6.131
See also outlines
lists of abbreviations
alphabetizing, 1.44, fig. 1.8
cross-checking, 2.32
format and placement, 1.4, 1.44, 2.23, 14.60, fig. 1.8
for frequently cited works, 13.67, 14.60, fig. 14.7
when to create, 10.3
lists of donors, 8.20
lists of illustrations and tables, 3.38–40
alterations in, 2.136
appropriate use of, 1.39, 3.38
artwork inventory linked to, 3.17
captions shortened for, 1.39, 3.40, fig. 1.7
cross-checking, 2.32
editing of, 2.57
format and placement, 1.39, 3.30, 3.38, figs. 1.6–7
for galleries, 3.39
and indexing, 16.109
manuscript preparation guidelines, 2.26
as navigation aid, 3.38
placement in book, 1.4, 2.26
proofreading of, 2.115
submission of, 2.3
See also illustration credits and credit lines
lists of special characters, 2.3, 2.16, 11.21, 11.122, 12.13
literary agents, 4.18
literary works
characters in, 5.129, 8.35
cultural terms for (e.g., deconstruction), 8.79
dramatic rights, 4.64
fair use of, 4.86, 4.87
frequent reference to single, 13.67
personification in, 8.37
rhyme schemes, 7.69
sound recordings of, 14.264
titles, 9.43, 16.50
and trademark protection, 4.16
See also classical Greek and Latin works; plays; poetry; quotations; titles of works
literature cited. See source citations
lithocase (paper-over-board format), 1.71
little, 5.90, 5.230
live-stage rights, 4.64
location numbers, in e-books, 1.123, 14.160
locators
in captions, for parts of illustrations (e.g., above, left), 3.24
in classical Greek and Latin works (see classical Greek and Latin works: source citations)
in electronic publications: alternatives, 1.123, 2.35, 14.22, 14.160, 14.174, 15.23; database accession numbers, 2.34, 14.215, 14.257, 14.270 (see also hyperlinks)
ff., 10.42, 14.148–49, 16.12
in index entries (see index entries: locators)
in legal-style citations, 14.273
paragraph numbers as, 1.125, 2.106, 14.148, 16.12, 16.13, 16.108
See also locators in source citations; page numbers; volumes and volume numbers
locators in source citations
chapter numbers, 14.106, 14.153
folio editions, 14.155
generally, 14.22, 15.8, 15.23
illustration and table numbers, 14.158
line numbers, 14.53, 14.156, fig. 14.5
numbered notes, 14.157
signed signatures, 14.154
loc. cit. (loco citato), 10.42, 14.36
logo, publisher’s, 1.19, 1.69, 1.70
longitude, 10.36. See also compass points and directions
loose-leaf services, 14.220
Lord, Lady, 8.32, 16.38
lowercase letters
abbreviations ending with, 10.4
defined, p. 983
“down style,” 8.1
in index entries, 16.11
marking manuscript for, 2.97
marking proofs for, 2.131
personal names beginning with, 8.4, 8.5
proper names beginning with, 8.69, 8.154
See also capitalization; sentence-style capitalization
Ltd., 6.44, 10.23, 14.134
-ly, words ending in
adjectives, 5.158
adverbs, 5.93, 5.158, 5.160, 5.163, 5.164, 7.85, 7.86
hyphenation not needed with, 7.85, 7.86, 7.89 (sec. 2)
lyrics, 4.87, 13.3. See also musical works