Citation, Documentation of Sources

Q. I am writing a research paper about a school. How do I cite written histories by individuals that are not published or dated? Thank you.

A. Give the information that you have and indicate where information is not available. Model your citation on the usual form: author, title, kind of document (manuscript, letter, etc.), place, date, and where you found it. “N.p.” can stand in for “no place,” “no publisher,” and “no page number”; “n.d.” for “no date.” For example, Deborah Dorman, “Psychoanalyzing the Penguin,” manuscript, Misc. Papers File, Chicago College Library, n.d.