Index
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
P
References are to paragraph numbers except where specified as table, figure (fig.), or page number (p.). Page numbers in the online edition link directly to terms in the glossary (appendix B).
- p., pp., 10.43, 14.157–58
- page
- bad breaks in, 16.138
- checking overall appearance, 2.113–14
- See also page numbers (folios); pagination; proofs
- page numbers (folios)
- in documentation, 14.14–17, 15.8; agreement of text citations and reference lists, 15.20; arabic vs. roman numerals, 14.154; block quotations, 15.25; chapters and contributions accompanied by, 14.111–13; electronic books, 14.166–69; ff. and passim, 14.156; ibid. with, in shortened citations, 14.29; inclusive, 14.111–13, 14.155; legal-style citations, 14.285, 14.288; magazine articles, 14.199; multiple references to same source, 15.26; multivolume works, 14.121, 14.123, 14.125–27; in notes, 14.160; p. and pp., 14.157–58; periodicals, 14.174, 14.183; placement of, 15.22; reprint and modern editions, 14.119; volume and note numbers with (e.g., 10:122), 14.159, 14.164, 14.186
- “dummy,” 1.76
- location of, 1.5
- of manuscript, 2.35
- in multivolume works, 1.8
- in web-based publications, 1.116
- See also inclusive (or continuing) numbers; locators
- page proof, defined, p. 899. See also proofs
- pagination
- basic guidelines for, 1.5–8
- determining page 1, 1.45
- of final manuscript for production, 2.72
- of folio editions, 14.162
- index preparation and, 16.108
- journals, 1.76
- multivolume works, 1.8
- parts of books: appendixes, 1.57; back matter, 1.4, 1.7; chapter openings, 1.7, 1.48; concluding elements, 1.52; dedication, 1.6, 1.35; epigraphs, 1.36; front matter, 1.4, 1.6; galleries, illustrations and tables, 1.7, 1.38, 2.112; introduction in front matter, 1.42; introduction in main text, 1.46; part-title page with text, 1.7; second half title, 1.7, 1.45; text and back matter, 1.4, 1.7, 1.46
- proofreading for correct, 2.111–12
- recto pages: always odd-numbered, 1.3, 1.5; beginning of gallery, 3.6; definition, p. 901; index’s first page, 1.63; journal’s first page, 1.76; in offprint planning, 1.48; parts of book starting on, 1.4, 1.48, 1.50; running heads for, 1.10, 1.11, 1.14
- in signed signatures, 14.161
- specified on final manuscript for production, 2.72–73
- verso pages: always even-numbered, 1.3, 1.5; blank after half title, 1.17; definition, p. 904; journal’s last page, 1.76; page after second half title, 1.45; parts of book starting on, 1.4; running heads for, 1.10, 1.11, 1.14; series information on, 1.17
- See also page numbers (folios)
- paintings, 8.193. See also artwork
- pamphlets, brochures, and reports, 14.249
- art exhibition catalogs, 14.250
- congressional reports and such, 14.297
- in manuscript collections, 14.240–41
- in private collections, 14.242
- in published collections, 14.117
- titles of, 8.183
- paper
- environmental issues, A.46
- opacity, p. 899
- sizes of, A.45
- trim size, p. 903
- See also photocopying
- paperback rights, 4.60
- paperbacks, 4.60, p. 899. See also covers of journals and paperback books
- paper durability statement, 1.19, 1.34, fig. 1.1, figs. 1.3–4
- paper-only editing. See manuscript editing: paper-only
- papers, unpublished, 14.226–27. See also unpublished and informally published materials
- paragraph mark, 2.95, 2.123, 10.44
- paragraphs
- conjunction at beginning of, 5.206
- marking manuscript for, 2.95
- marking proofs for, 2.123
- notes with multiple, 14.35
- numbering of, 1.116
- quotations: block, 13.20–22, 13.54; ellipsis points at beginning of, 13.54; partial or whole paragraphs omitted, 13.54; quotation marks for direct discourse, 13.37; run-in, 13.30–31
- software-generated styles, 2.79
- paragraph style, in indexes. See run-in style (indexes)
- parallel structure, 5.212
- auxiliary verbs and, 5.215
- lists and outlines, 6.121
- paired joining terms and, 5.214
- prepositions and, 5.213
- subheads, 2.56
- paraphrasing, 4.82, 13.4
- parentheses, 6.92–96
- em dashes instead of, 6.82
- italic vs. roman type, 6.5
- marking proofs for, 2.129
- other punctuation with, 6.96; brackets, 6.95, 6.99; commas, 6.53, 6.96; exclamation points, 6.74, 6.96; periods, 6.13; question marks, 6.70
- in relation to surrounding text, 6.5
- uses: abbreviations, first use of, 10.3; brand names, 8.145; clarifying use of italics or emphasis, 13.60; documentation of journal articles, 14.173, 14.180–85, 15.46; enclosing numbers or letters in lists, 6.94, 6.123; glosses or translations, 7.50; mathematical expressions, 12.26–27, 12.29; multiple sets of parentheses, 6.95, 6.99; note reference numbers and, 14.21; table titles and heads, 3.53–54, fig. 3.12; telephone numbers, 6.77; text citations for quotations, 13.62–70; translations of quotations, 13.73–74
- See also glosses; parenthetical elements; punctuation; text citations
- parenthetical elements
- indexes: chapter numbers in note citations, 16.111; continued lines, 16.139; cross-references, 16.18, 16.20; names with, 16.34–39, 16.42–46, 16.62, 16.98
- quotations, sources for: block quotations, 13.68–70; foreign-language materials, 13.71–79; frequent references to single source, 13.65; full citation for, 13.63; ibid. with, 13.64; punctuation of, 13.62; run-in quotations, 13.66–67
- scholarly abbreviations in, 10.43
- See also text citations
- Parliament (UK), 14.310–13
- participles and participial phrases
- adverbs as, 5.109
- be-verbs with, 5.151
- dangling, 5.112
- disguised conjunctions as, 5.205
- gerunds compared with, 5.111
- as nouns, 5.25
- prepositions and, 5.171
- present, 5.136
- punctuation of, 6.35
- word division, 7.36
- See also gerunds
- particles
- names with: capitalization, 8.5, 8.7–10; foreign names with, 8.7–9, 11.24, 11.99; indexing, 16.71, 16.84
- in phrasal verbs, 5.100
- in prepositional adverbs, 5.156
- parties, political, 8.65
- parts and part titles
- collected works, 8.176
- editing of, 2.55
- forewords, prefaces, and such, 8.177
- introductions to, 1.37
- in letters and diaries, 1.51
- manuscript preparation guidelines, 2.16
- numerals for, 9.27
- part-title page with text, 1.7
- in poetry, 1.50
- references to, 8.177–78
- See also chapters
- parts of books. See books: parts of
- Party/party, 8.65
- passim, 7.53, 14.156, 16.13
- passive voice, 5.104, 5.115, 5.188
- patents, 14.230, 15.50
- pattern matching, p. 899
- PDF (portable document format) files
- definition, p. 899
- e-books as, A.38
- electronic journals as, 1.72
- manuscript submission via, 2.5
- print process and, A.42
- stable page numbers in, 1.116
- web-based publications as, A.36
- XML and, A.30
- pedigree charts, 3.45, fig. 3.10. See also charts and graphs
- peoples
- class, 8.40
- colors designating, 8.39
- compound nationalities, 8.38
- descriptive titles for, 8.29
- epithets and nicknames, 8.33–34
- generations, 8.41
- kinship names, 8.35
- personifications, 8.36
- physical characteristics, 8.42
- See also bias-free language; names, personal; titles and offices
- per, vs. slash, 6.107
- percent, percentage, 3.80, 9.18
- perfect binding, defined, p. 899
- performance works, audiovisual
- periodicals
- copyright registration forms for, 4.47
- definition, 14.170
- documentation of: abbreviated journal titles, 14.179, 15.13, 15.44; basic information needed, 14.171; initials for authors’ given names, 15.43; issue number in parentheses, 15.46; journals vs. magazines, 14.172; magazines, 14.199–202, 15.47; newspapers, 15.47; page numbers in citations, 14.174; punctuation in citations, 14.173; reviews, 14.214–17; sentence-style capitalization for titles of works, 15.45
- serial rights, 4.60
- titles: abbreviations of, 10.7, 16.49; articles and features within, 8.175; indexing of, 16.49; initial the in, 8.168; italics for, 8.161; magazine, journal, review, and such, 8.169; as part of building or award names, 8.170; sentence-style capitalization, 15.45; treatment in text, 8.166
- volume, issue, and page numbers in, 9.28
- See also journals; magazines; newspapers; reviews
- periods (punctuation), 6.12–15
- marking manuscript for, 2.90
- marking proofs for, 2.129
- other punctuation with: brackets, 6.13; closing quotation marks, 6.9; ellipsis points, 13.51; exclamation points, 6.118; parentheses, 6.13, 6.96; question marks, 6.118; 3-em dashes (in bibliography), 6.91
- uses, 6.12; captions, 3.21, 3.23; colon vs., preceding quotation, 13.19; double or multiple numeration, 1.55, 2.25–26, 3.11, 3.51, 12.25; indexes, 16.97; initials of personal names, 7.62, 8.4, 10.4, 10.12; outlines and lists, 6.124–26; publishing history on copyright page, 1.25; run-in subheads, 2.17; US measure, 10.67
- periods of time
- cultural, 8.73
- decades, 9.34
- descriptive designations, 8.71
- geological, 8.134
- numerical designations, 8.70
- traditional period names, 8.72
- permissible changes to quoted materials
- basic approach, 2.41
- initial a, an, or the, 8.167
- spelling, 13.7
- translations and, 13.77–78
- typography and layout, 13.8
- See also interpolations and clarifications
- permissions, 4.1
- vs. attribution alone, 4.85–86
- definition, 4.17
- digital rights management and, A.40
- obtaining permissions: archives’ restrictions, 4.76; automating process of, 4.91; basic principles, 4.69–71, 4.92; beyond immediate use, 4.71, 4.73; communications on, 4.92–97; missing copyright owner, 4.75; “orphan works” problem, 4.75; sample letters, 4.93, fig. 4.3
- publisher’s handling of, 4.66–67
- signed releases and field notes, 13.47
- special types of material: archival material, 4.76; author’s previously published material, 4.62, 4.71; compilations, 4.101; illustrations, 3.18, 3.28, 3.29, 3.31, 4.94–97; interviews, 14.219–20; unpublished works, 4.74, 4.76
- US Supreme Court on, 4.86
- personal communications, 14.218, 14.222–23, 15.48
- personifications, 5.41, 8.36
- PEs (printer’s errors), 2.131, p. 900
- Philippines, names in, 16.87
- philosophical terms and movements, 7.55, 8.78, 8.93
- phonetics, 6.100, 7.50, 11.13
- photocopy, use of term, 14.228
- photocopying
- of illustrations as record, 3.18
- by libraries, 4.89
- process and fees for, 1.97
- See also print-on-demand titles
- photographs
- callouts for, 2.27
- commissioned, 3.32
- copyright registration forms for, 4.47
- fair use of, 4.83
- previously published, 2.44
- reproduction-quality prints, 2.24
- titles of, 8.193
- See also illustrations
- photomicrographs, 3.27
- phrases
- articles as affecting meaning of, 5.74
- interjected, 6.41–42
- introductory, 6.35–36
- monetary amounts, as nouns, 5.25
- parallel structure in, 5.212
- parenthetical and descriptive, 6.24–27
- punctuation: colons, 6.62; commas, 6.24–27, 6.30–31, 6.35–36, 6.40–42; periods, 6.12; quotation marks, 7.57
- used as words, 7.58
- See also clauses; conjunctions; parenthetical elements; prepositions
- physical characteristics, 8.42
- physical quantities
- repeated quantities, 9.17
- simple fractions, 9.14
- spelled out, 9.13
- whole numbers plus fractions, 9.15
- physical science terminology
- laws and theories, 8.147
- mass number, 8.149
- metric units, 8.151
- radiations, 8.150
- resources on, 8.146
- See also scientific and technical terminology
- pica, defined, A.21, p. 899
- Pinyin system
- apostrophes, hyphens, and tone marks, 11.104
- common names, list of, 11.105
- exceptions to, 11.103
- widespread use of, 11.102
- See also Chinese language; Wade-Giles system
- pixel (resolution), A.21, p. 901
- place, conjunctions as indicating, 5.201–2
- place-names
- alphabetizing of, 16.90–93
- in foreword, 1.39
- indexing: alphabetizing, 16.90–93; definite article with, 16.91–92; Fort, Mount, Saint, and such, 16.90, 16.93; old vs. present forms, 16.29; person or thing with same, 16.62; from shortened form in text, 16.44; two places with same name, 16.45
- old vs. present forms, 16.29
- political divisions, 8.50–51
- popular names and epithets, 8.47
- possessives of, 7.16–19
- public places and structures, 8.55–58
- real vs. metaphorical names, 8.49
- resources on, 8.43
- urban areas, 8.48
- word division, 7.38
- See also geographical terminology; maps; place of publication
- place of publication
- basic format, 14.133
- books published before 1900, 14.134
- city in, 14.135
- country of printing vs., 1.27
- English names for foreign city names, 14.137
- journals, 14.191
- online works without, 14.169
- state, province, or country, when to specify, 14.136
- surmised, 14.138
- plagiarism, 4.68, 4.85
- plain-text file, defined, p. 899
- planets, 8.137–41. See also earth
- plants
- cultivated varieties (cultivars), 8.129
- domestic breeds, 8.128
- scientific names: authorities on, 8.118; author names, 8.123; divisions higher than genus, 8.125; English derivatives from taxonomic system, 8.126; genus, species, and subspecies, 8.119–21; hybrids, 8.124; unspecified species and varieties, 8.122
- vernacular names, 8.127–29
- See also scientific and technical terminology
- plates
- indexing of, 16.116
- numbering, 2.25
- text references to, 3.9
- when to use or omit term, 3.23
- See also credits and credit lines; galleries; illustrations
- Platonic ideas, 8.93
- plays
- divisions of, 8.182
- documentation of: classical works, 14.260, 14.267–68; frequently cited works, 13.65, 14.54; reviews, 14.214, 14.216; short forms, 14.268
- ellipsis points in verse drama, 13.55
- titles of, 8.181
- See also classical works; dialogue; speech
- pledges, 8.83
- plurals
- alternative forms, 7.6
- Native American group names, 7.9
- phrasal adjectives and, 5.91
- resources on, 7.1
- singular form for, 7.10
- standard forms, 7.5
- technical abbreviations, 10.52
- topographical divisions, 8.52
- words in quotation marks, 7.12
- words or phrases in italics, 7.11
- plus sign, 7.68, 7.74
- p.m. and a.m., 9.38–40, 10.42
- PNG, defined, p. 900
- podcasts, 8.187, 14.221
- poetry
- abbreviations in (e.g., v. for verse), 10.43
- documentation: classical works, 14.260, 14.267–68; editions in, 14.257; short forms for, 14.268; sound recordings of, 14.277; text citations for, 13.69–70
- fair use of, 4.79–80
- interjections in, 5.208
- proofreading of, 2.110
- quotations from: ellipsis points and, 13.55; format, 13.23; generic markup, 2.78; indention, 13.24; long lines and runovers, 13.25; manuscript preparation guidelines, 2.19; in notes, 14.33; parenthetical citations for, 13.69–70; quotation marks in poems, 13.26; run-in vs. block, 13.10; run in to text, 13.23, 13.26–27; running in of more than one stanza, 13.32; slashes for line breaks, 6.109
- rhyme schemes, 7.65
- terms (e.g., canto, stanza), 8.182
- titles of poems, 8.179
- See also classical works
- point, defined, A.21, p. 900. See also ellipsis points; periods (punctuation); suspension points
- Polish language, 11.67–69
- political terminology
- divisions (empire, republic, ward, and such), 8.50
- geographical entities in, 8.47
- unofficial groups and movements, 8.66
- See also governmental entities
- popes, 8.25, 9.42, 16.37
- portable document format (PDF) files. See PDF (portable document format) files
- portrait, defined, p. 900
- Portuguese language
- capitalization, 11.70
- special characters, 11.71
- possessives, 7.15–28
- adjectives after, 5.79
- vs. attributive form, 7.25
- of compounds, 7.23
- consistency in forms of, 7.17
- definition and uses of, 5.19
- for . . . sake expressions, 7.20
- genitive with, 7.24
- with gerunds, 7.26
- has, have to denote, 5.145
- of italicized words, 7.28
- joint and separate possession, 7.22
- of with, 7.27
- of letters, 7.16
- in names of diseases, 8.143
- of nouns plural in form, singular in meaning, 7.19
- of numbers, 7.16
- prepositions and, 7.27
- of quoted words, 7.28
- of words ending in unpronounced s, 7.17
- See also genitives
- Postal Atlas system, 11.102, 11.105
- postal codes
- abbreviations: avenue, street, and such, 10.34; Canadian provinces and territories, 10.29; compass points, 10.35; US states and territories, 10.28
- when to include in documentation, 14.136
- zip code with, 10.30
- See also addresses, mailing
- poster papers, 14.227. See also unpublished and informally published materials
- PostScript (PS), defined, p. 900
- pound sign (#), 3.77, 14.12
- predicates
- as linking verbs, 5.99
- nominative, 5.17
- prepositional phrases and, 5.175
- punctuation of compound, 6.29
- prefaces
- author’s and editor’s, order for, 1.40
- documentation of, 14.116
- editorial method explained in, 1.44
- foreword compared with, 5.220
- illustration credits in, 3.29
- indexing of, 16.109
- material appropriate for, 1.42
- multiauthor volumes and, 2.38
- new, noted on title page, 1.26
- references to, 8.177
- running heads for, 1.10
- second or subsequent editions or reprintings, 1.40
- prefixes
- definition, 7.78
- division of words with, 7.35
- Greek language, 11.141
- Hebrew language, 11.113
- hyphenation: for compound, 6.80, 7.79, 8.159; guide to, 7.85; multiple hyphens, 7.83; omission of part of expression, 7.84; readability, 7.80; resources on, 7.77
- mid- as, 7.83
- Russian language, 11.126–27
- words formed with, 7.78
- prehistoric cultural periods, 8.73
- preliminary pages. See front matter
- prepositions, 5.169–91
- appropriate use of, 5.191
- complex, 5.172
- ending sentence with, 5.176
- functional variation, 5.180
- idiomatic uses, 5.189–91
- like, 5.181
- limiting use of, 5.183–88
- mass noun followed by, 5.9
- nouns used as adjectives, 5.22
- parallel structure of, 5.213
- prepositional phrases: active voice to eliminate, 5.188; adverbs and, 5.173, 5.175, 5.180, 5.186; avoiding overuse of, 5.183; clashing (repeated), 5.177; cutting and replacing unnecessary, 5.184–87; definition, 5.173; elliptical, 5.178; function, 5.174; pronoun affected by, 5.179
- simple and compound, examples, 5.170
- prepress (preliminary presswork), 2.104, A.43, p. 900
- preprints
- documentation of, 14.229
- pagination, 1.76
- President, president, 8.18, 8.20–21, 8.27
- presidential documents
- orders and proclamations, 14.301
- programs, 8.74
- speeches, 8.75
- press sheets, 2.104, A.49, fig. A.7, p. 900
- presswork, defined, p. 900
- previously published materials
- compilations, 2.40; illustrations, 2.44; notes in, 2.42; permissible changes to, 2.41, 2.58, 13.7–8; permissions for, 4.101; preparation of, 2.40; source notes for, 2.43; as work made for hire, 4.10
- editing of, 2.58
- See also collected works; derivative works; edited works
- price, 1.92, 1.97. See also bar codes; currency
- print and electronic publishing model, 1.2, 2.80, A.5, A.25, fig. A.5. See also publications in multiple formats
- printer’s errors (PEs), 2.131, p. 900
- print-on-demand titles, 1.28, A.39
- print technologies
- electronic markup and, A.41
- environmental issues, A.46
- paper selection, A.44
- paper sizes, A.45
- role of PDFs in, A.42
- sheet-fed press, p. 902
- web-fed press, p. 904
- See also binding; production and digital technology
- prizes and awards
- announcements of, 1.93
- civil, 8.82
- military, 8.114
- probability
- proceedings of conferences and symposia
- as collective works, 4.8
- details in front matter, 1.17
- documentation of, 14.226
- table of contents, 1.38
- process color printing, defined, p. 900
- production and digital technology
- design: em spaces, en spaces, and such, A.22; length determinations, A.18; mapping markup to, A.16; picas, points, and pixels, A.21; specifications, A.19–20, fig. A.4; style sheets, A.9, A.17, fig. A.3 (see also design and production)
- markup tags and languages, generally, A.6–10
- print technologies: binding, A.50, figs. A.8–9; digital printing, A.48; electronic markup and, A.41; environmental issues, A.46; folded and gathered sheets (F&Gs), 2.104, A.49, fig. A.7, p. 896; offset lithography, A.47, fig. A.6; paper selection, A.44; paper sizes, A.45; prepress (preliminary presswork) in, 2.104, A.43; role of PDFs in, A.42; terminology in, 1.26, A.3
- publishing format options, A.39; converting XML to HTML, A.37; digital rights management and, A.40; e-book formats, A.38; print, A.35; web, A.36
- resources on, A.1
- production controllers, A.2
- professional titles, abbreviations, 10.16, 10.20–21
- programs, names of, 8.65, 8.74. See also conferences; governmental entities; pamphlets, brochures, and reports
- programs, software. See computer software
- prologues. See introductions
- pronouns, 5.26–65
- antecedents: absent, 5.28; adjective as, 5.29; definition and agreement, 5.27, 5.30; demonstrative pronoun, 5.51; different genders, 5.34; multiple, 5.33; pronoun number and, 5.31–32; relative pronoun, 5.57–58
- article as substitute for, 5.77
- classes: adjective, 5.47, 5.65; demonstrative (deictic), 5.51; indefinite, 5.64; interrogative, 5.52–53; list of, 5.37; personal (see personal, below); relative (see relative, below)
- compound, 5.48
- conjunctions with, 5.192
- contractions vs. possessive, 5.50
- definition and uses of, 5.26–29
- demonstrative (deictic), 5.51
- distributive, 5.64
- em dash between introductory noun and, 6.83
- gender bias and, 5.46
- for God or Jesus, 8.94
- indefinite, 5.64
- integration of quoted material into text and, 13.12
- as interjections, 5.210
- interrogative, 5.52–53
- for named natural events, 8.76
- personal: agreement of noun with, 5.40; case of, 5.42–44; changes in form (nominative, objective, genitive), 5.39; compound (-self forms), 5.48–49; form of, 5.38; gender and, 5.41, 5.46; after linking verb, 5.43; misuse of, 5.36; possessive, 5.47–50; rules of, 5.42–44; singular they, 5.46; special uses of, 5.45; after than or as, 5.44
- personal, in foreign languages: Danish, 11.22; German, 11.42; Italian, 11.51; Norwegian, 11.65; Polish, 11.67; Swedish, 11.86
- possessive, 5.47–50
- prepositional phrases and, 5.179
- properties: antecedents of different genders, 5.34; case of, 5.12, 5.35–36; list of, 5.30; multiple antecedents, 5.33; number and antecedent, 5.31–32; number and verb, 5.130–31
- reflexive and intensive, 5.49
- relative: antecedent of, 5.57–58; case with, 5.55; compound, 5.62; as conjunctions, 5.203; definition, 5.54; after one, 5.59; positional nuances, 5.56; possessive forms of, 5.60; whose and of which, 5.61; who vs. whom, 5.63
- -self forms of, 5.48–49
- for ships and other craft, 8.117
- singular they, 5.46
- proofreader’s marks, 2.116–29
- capitalization changes, 2.128
- circling comments and instructions, 2.118
- conventions in, 2.116
- examples, figs. 2.6–7
- for extensive changes, 2.119
- font changes, 2.128
- items to be spelled out, 2.126
- legibility, 2.120
- placement of, 2.117
- spacing between letters or words, 2.122
- stet, 2.127
- transposition of items, 2.125
- See also markings, editorial
- proofreading, 2.97–136
- approach to, 2.1
- assigning responsibility for errors in, 2.131–32
- definition, 2.97
- double-checking in, 2.130
- editor’s style sheet for, 2.108–9
- examples, figs. 2.6–7
- extensive changes after, 2.119
- indexer’s assistance in, 16.125
- process and checks: comparing copy with proofs, 2.86, 2.107; illustrations and tables, 2.112; master set and routing of corrected version, 2.100; overall appearance, 2.113; page numbers, 2.111; queries and instructions in, 2.113, 2.115, 2.116, 2.118; quotations, 2.110; running heads, 2.73, 2.111; for sense, 2.115; spelling errors, 2.108; stages of proof, 2.100–106; text alignment on page, 2.114; typeface and font, 2.110; word breaks and hyphenation, 2.109, 7.33
- revised proofs, 2.102
- specific types of material: compilations, 2.40; copy in non-Latin alphabets, 11.93; electronic publications, 2.133–36
- standard for, 2.116
- See also proofreader’s marks; proofs
- proofs
- definition, p. 900
- digital, p. 894
- running heads for endnotes, 2.111
- stages: book cover and jacket, 2.105; F&Gs, 2.104, A.49, fig. A.7, p. 896; first pages and “galley” proofs, 2.101; index, 2.103, 16.122; journal cover, 2.106; master set maintained, 2.100; prepress and press, 2.104, A.43; revised, 2.102
- See also proofreader’s marks; proofreading
- proper nouns
- capitalization, 5.6
- definition, 7.6
- foreign languages, 7.51
- plurals, 7.8–11
- word division and, 7.38
- See also names, personal; names, proper
- protocol (Internet), 14.11–12, p. 901. See also FTP (file transfer protocol); HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol)
- proverbs (maxims), 6.51, 7.57, 8.197, 13.5, 13.36. See also figures of speech
- provinces, Canadian, 14.136
- pseudonyms and pseudonymous works
- abbreviation of term, 14.81
- copyright, 4.24
- documentation: author-date references, 15.34; cross-references for, 14.84; descriptive phrase treated as author, 14.85; known authorship, 14.82; rarely used pseudonym, 14.83; unknown authorship, 14.81
- of human research subjects, 13.47
- indexing of, 16.34
- Public Access Policy (NIH), 4.64
- publication agreement. See publishing agreement
- publication date
- in book review and book notes sections, 1.92
- documentation, author-date references: basic structure and punctuation, 15.6, 15.9, 15.12, 15.24; letters in published collections, 15.40; multivolume works published over several years, 15.39; “no date,” 15.41, 15.51; references arranged by, 15.17–19; reprint and modern editions, more than one date, 15.38
- documentation, notes and bibliography: basic format, 14.133, 14.149; books published before 1900, 14.134; multivolume works published over several years, 14.122, 14.151; new impressions and renewal of copyright, 14.150; “no date,” 14.152; punctuation in, 6.60, 14.186; specific volume of multivolume works, 14.123
- identification of, 1.26
- publication details
- abbreviations in, 1.21
- absence of, 14.152
- in book review and book notes sections, 1.92
- country of printing, 1.27
- form of work (e.g., text-fiche), 14.120
- publications in multiple formats
- articles electronically published before print versions, 14.182
- considerations in, 1.111
- differences among versions, 1.73
- digital rights management and, A.40
- illustrations: electronic enhancements noted in print versions, 3.26; markup of, A.32; printed text references to online-only, 3.9
- ISBNs for, 1.32
- options: additional options, A.39; converting XML to HTML, A.37; digital rights management and, A.40; e-book formats, A.38; print, A.35; web, A.36
- public display, copyright and, 4.13–14, 4.33
- public documents
- in author-date references, 15.54–55
- bills and resolutions, 14.295
- congressional debates and hearings, 14.297–99
- generalist and secondary source writing about, 14.303
- hearings, 14.296–97
- international entities, 14.316–17
- loose-leaf services, 14.251
- presidential, 14.301
- short forms for names, 14.287
- public-domain works
- definition, 4.26
- derivative works based on, 4.21
- determining whether a work is, 4.22–24
- documentation of, 14.49
- foreign works as, 4.28
- illustrations, 3.34
- quotations from, 4.69
- when works become, 4.19–20
- public laws. See laws and statutes; legislation
- public places and structures
- buildings and monuments, 8.56
- foreign names for, 8.58
- rooms, offices, and such, 8.57
- thoroughfares and such, 8.55
- publishers
- archival practices of, 1.107
- as author, 14.92
- copublications, 14.147
- digital rights management strategies, A.40
- distribution arrangements, 14.148
- fair-use “rules of thumb” and, 4.78
- grants for, 1.31
- joint imprints, 14.145
- main editorial offices, 14.135
- manuscript preparation guidelines, 2.7
- notes on text, 1.44
- parent companies, imprints, and such, 14.144
- permissions from out-of-business, 4.75
- right to make copies and distribute works, 4.13
- publisher’s name
- documentation of: abbreviations and omissible parts of name, 14.139–40, 14.142; and or ampersand in, 14.141; basic format, 14.133; changes in and resources on, 14.139; copublications, 14.147; distributed books, 14.148; foreign names, 14.142; imprints, parent companies, and such, 1.18, 14.144–46; preferred form, 14.139; unknown or privately published work, 14.143; when to omit, 14.134
- location in works: book review and book notes sections, 1.92; copyright notice, 4.41; covers and jackets, 1.66, 1.67, 1.68; edition details, 1.25; journals, 1.78; title page, 1.18
- See also publishers; publishers’ websites
- publishers’ websites
- fair-use guidelines on, 4.87
- journal information on, 1.57
- journals searchable on, 1.104
- permissions process facilitated by, 4.91
- public-domain rules on, 4.21
- URL on copyright page, 1.21
- publishing agreement
- author’s alterations limited by, 2.132
- basic provisions, 4.51
- copyright owner’s rights and, 4.13–18
- examples of, figs. 4.1–2
- foreign rights and, 4.60
- illustrations noted in, 3.15
- journal and symposia contributions: alternative licensing arrangements, 4.57; basics, 4.53, 4.59; editors and, 4.58; less than full rights, 4.56; transfers of rights, 4.55
- multiauthor volumes and, 2.39
- new books: basic book-contract provisions, 4.51; edited works, 4.53, fig. 4.1; option clauses, 4.52; other contracts for special kinds of works, 4.54
- noncommercial or no derivatives clauses, 4.57
- publisher’s responsibilities: copyright tasks, 4.31; rights and permissions requests, 4.66–67; subsidiary rights, 4.17–18, 4.60–65
- rights to reproduction and distribution, 4.50
- subsidiary rights: author’s electronic use of own works, 4.62; author’s retention of, 4.18; basic rights vs., 4.17; categories of, 4.60; economic considerations, 4.61–62, 4.65; electronic-rights licensing, 4.61; granting permissions for, 4.66–67; Public Access Policy and, 4.64; university licenses, 4.63
- publishing schedule
- manuscript editing, 2.49
- punctuation
- author queries about, 2.66
- basic approach to, in relation to surrounding text, 6.1–8
- cleanup process and, 2.77
- English vs. other language contexts, 11.10
- fonts, color, and, 6.2–6
- and italics, 6.2