5 : Grammar and Usage
- Grammar
- Introduction
- Nouns
- Definitions
- Properties of Nouns
- Plurals
- 5.14 Dictionaries
- 5.15 Adding “s” or “es”
- 5.16 Nouns ending in “f” or “fe”
- 5.17 Nouns ending in “o”
- 5.18 Nouns ending in “y”
- 5.19 Compound nouns
- 5.20 Irregular plurals
- 5.21 Plural form with singular sense
- Case
- 5.22 Function
- 5.23 Subjects
- 5.24 Objects
- 5.25 Possessive case
- 5.26 Possessives of titles and names
- 5.27 Joint and separate possessives
- Agent and Recipient Nouns
- Appositives
- Functional Variation
- Formation of New Nouns
- Pronouns
- Definition and Uses
- 5.34 Definition
- 5.35 Antecedents of pronouns
- 5.36 Pronouns without antecedents
- 5.37 Position in sentence
- 5.38 Sentence meaning
- Properties of Pronouns
- 5.39 Four properties
- 5.40 Number and antecedent
- 5.41 Exceptions regarding number
- 5.42 Pronoun with multiple antecedents
- 5.43 Antecedents of different genders
- Classes of Pronouns
- Personal Pronouns
- 5.45 Form
- 5.46 Identification
- 5.47 Changes in form
- 5.48 Gender, number, and case
- 5.49 Expressing gender
- 5.50 Special rules
- 5.51 Special uses
- Possessive Pronouns
- Demonstrative and Interrogative Pronouns
- Relative Pronouns
- 5.58 Definition
- 5.59 Antecedent
- 5.60 Omitted antecedent
- 5.61 Possessive forms
- 5.62 “Whose” and “of which”
- 5.63 Compound relative pronouns
- Other Types of Pronouns
- Adjectives
- Articles as Limiting Adjectives
- 5.69 Definition of an article
- 5.70 Definite article
- 5.71 Indefinite article
- 5.72 Exceptions
- 5.73 Choosing “a” or “an”
- 5.74 Articles with coordinate nouns
- 5.75 Effect on meaning
- 5.76 Zero article
- 5.77 Omitted article
- 5.78 Article as pronoun substitute
- Dates as Adjectives
- Position of Adjectives
- 5.80 Basic rules
- 5.81 After possessive noun or pronoun
- 5.82 Adjective modifying pronoun
- 5.83 Predicate adjective
- 5.84 Dangling participle
- Degrees of Adjectives
- 5.85 Three degrees
- 5.86 Comparative forms
- 5.87 Superlative forms
- 5.88 Forming comparatives and superlatives
- Special Types of Adjectives
- 5.89 Past-participial adjectives
- 5.90 Uncomparable adjectives
- 5.91 Coordinate adjectives
- 5.92 Phrasal adjectives
- 5.93 Exceptions for hyphenating phrasal adjectives
- Functional Variation
- Verbs
- Definitions
- 5.97 Verbs
- 5.98 Transitive and intransitive verbs
- 5.99 Ergative verbs
- 5.100 Regular and irregular verbs
- 5.101 Linking verbs
- 5.102 Phrasal verbs
- 5.103 Principal and auxiliary verbs
- 5.104 Verb phrases
- Infinitives
- Participles and Gerunds
- Properties of Verbs
- 5.111 Five properties
- 5.112 Active and passive voice
- 5.113 Progressive conjugation and voice
- 5.114 Mood
- 5.115 Tenses
- 5.116 Present tense
- 5.117 Past tense
- 5.118 Future tense
- 5.119 Present perfect tense
- 5.120 Past perfect tense
- 5.121 Future perfect tense
- 5.122 Person
- 5.123 Number
- Conjugation of Verbs
- 5.124 Seven parts
- 5.125 Verb stem (present indicative)
- 5.126 Forming present participles
- 5.127 Present subjunctive
- 5.128 Past indicative
- 5.129 Forming past participles
- 5.130 Past subjunctive
- 5.131 Imperative
- Auxiliary Verbs
- 5.132 Definition
- 5.133 “Can”
- 5.134 “Do”
- 5.135 “Have”
- 5.136 “May”
- 5.137 “Must”
- 5.138 “Ought”
- 5.139 “Shall”
- 5.140 “Will”
- The Verb “To Be”
- Adverbs
- Definition and Formation
- Simple versus Compound Adverbs
- Adverbial Degrees
- 5.149 Three degrees
- 5.150 Comparative forms
- 5.151 Superlative forms
- 5.152 Irregular adverbs
- 5.153 Uncomparable adverbs
- 5.154 Intensifiers
- Position of Adverbs
- Prepositions
- Definition and Types
- 5.162 Definition
- 5.163 Simple and compound
- 5.164 Participial prepositions
- 5.165 Phrasal prepositions
- Prepositional Phrases
- 5.166 Definition
- 5.167 Placement
- 5.168 Refinements on placement
- 5.169 Ending a sentence with a preposition
- 5.170 Clashing prepositions
- 5.171 Elliptical phrases
- Other Prepositional Issues
- Limiting Prepositional Phrases
- Conjunctions
- 5.180 Definition and types
- 5.181 Coordinating conjunctions
- 5.182 Correlative conjunctions
- 5.183 Copulative conjunctions
- 5.184 Adversative conjunctions
- 5.185 Disjunctive conjunctions
- 5.186 Final conjunctions
- 5.187 Subordinating conjunctions
- 5.188 Special uses of subordinating conjunctions
- 5.189 Relative pronouns and interrogative adverbs as conjunctions
- 5.190 “With” used loosely as a conjunction
- 5.191 Beginning a sentence with a conjunction
- Interjections
- Word Usage
- Introduction
- Glossary of Troublesome Expressions
- Bias-Free Language
- Prepositional Idioms







